⚛️ 元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）Periodic Table of Elements

使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ

「元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）」是什么？What is the Periodic Table of Elements tool?

交互式元素周期表：118 种元素按族和周期排列，可按类别或分区着色；点击元素或输入原子序数、符号、中英文名称，查看 IUPAC/CIAAW 2024 标准原子量、电子排布、电负性、族、周期和类别。An interactive periodic table of all 118 elements by group and period, colored by category or block. Click an element or search by atomic number, symbol or name to see its IUPAC/CIAAW 2024 standard atomic weight, electron configuration, electronegativity, group, period and category.

如何使用「元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）」？How do I use the Periodic Table of Elements tool?

在「元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）」中，在上方填写或选择所需内容，结果会实时显示在下方；所有处理都在浏览器本地完成。In the Periodic Table of Elements: Fill in or choose the options above and the result appears below instantly; everything runs locally in your browser.

原子量数据来自哪里？Where do the atomic weights come from?

有稳定同位素或特征同位素组成的 84 种元素，使用国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）原子量与同位素丰度委员会（CIAAW）发布的 2024 年简化标准原子量，并注明不确定度（例如铁 55.845 ± 0.002）。其余 34 种元素（锝、钷、钋及之后大部分元素）没有标准原子量，表中用方括号给出寿命最长的已知同位素的质量数，如锝 [97]（取自维基百科“List of chemical elements”，2026 年 10 月核对）；新的测量可能改变这些数字。For the 84 elements with stable isotopes or a characteristic isotopic composition, the table uses the 2024 abridged standard atomic weights published by IUPAC's Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW), with their uncertainty (for example iron 55.845 ± 0.002). The other 34 elements (technetium, promethium, polonium and most heavier ones) have no standard atomic weight; for them the table shows, in brackets, the mass number of the longest-lived known isotope, such as technetium [97] (taken from Wikipedia's List of chemical elements, checked October 2026). New measurements may change these numbers.

电子排布和电负性的数据来源是什么？Where do the electron configurations and electronegativities come from?

取自开源的 mendeleev 元素数据库（Python 包）。电子排布是基态排布，用稀有气体核简写，如铁 [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²，铬、铜等例外排布按实测写出；104 号及以后元素的排布是理论预测，会单独标明。电负性用鲍林标度，稀有气体等没有可靠数值的元素显示“—”。They come from the open-source mendeleev element database (a Python package). Configurations are ground-state, in noble-gas shorthand such as iron [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s², with exceptions such as chromium and copper written as measured; those for element 104 and beyond are theoretical predictions and are marked as such. Electronegativity is on the Pauling scale, and elements without a reliable value, such as most noble gases, show —.

镧系和锕系为什么单独放在下面？Why are the lanthanides and actinides shown below the table?

为了让表格不至于太宽，57–71 号（镧系）和 89–103 号（锕系）按惯例放在主表下方，主表第 3 族第 6、7 周期的位置标为“57–71”“89–103”。哪些元素应放在第 3 族（镧、锕还是镥、铹）在化学界仍有讨论，本表沿用最常见的排法，这些元素的“族”显示为“—”。类别中的“类金属”“后过渡金属”等边界划分不同教材也略有差异，例如砹有时归为类金属。To keep the table from getting too wide, elements 57–71 (lanthanides) and 89–103 (actinides) are conventionally shown below the main table, whose group 3 slots in periods 6 and 7 read 57–71 and 89–103. Which elements belong in group 3 (lanthanum and actinium, or lutetium and lawrencium) is still debated, so the table uses the most common layout and shows the group of these elements as —. Category boundaries such as metalloids and post-transition metals also differ slightly between textbooks; astatine, for example, is sometimes called a metalloid.

怎么搜索元素？How do I search?

在搜索框输入原子序数（1–118 的整数）、元素符号（如 Fe、fe）、中文名（如 铁）或英文名（如 iron，也可以只输入开头几个字母）；有多个匹配时显示第一个并列出其他匹配。也可以直接点击表中的元素。点击图例中的类别或分区，可以突出显示该类元素，再点一次取消。Type an atomic number (a whole number from 1 to 118), a symbol such as Fe or fe, a Chinese name, or an English name such as iron (the first few letters are enough). With several matches the first is shown and the others are listed. You can also click any element in the table. Click a category or block in the legend to highlight those elements, and click it again to clear.

104–118 号元素的中文名怎么读？How are the Chinese names of elements 104–118 read?

这些是全国科学技术名词审定委员会公布的新造字，表中在名称后给出拼音，例如 118 号 鿫（ào）。如果某个字显示为方框，是系统字体缺少这个字，不影响其他数据。These are newly coined characters published by China's National Committee for Terms in Sciences and Technologies, and the table gives their pinyin after the name, for example the character for element 118, oganesson, is read ào. If a character shows as a box, your system font lacks that character; the other data are unaffected.

计算结果可以用于作业或工程吗？Can I use the results for homework or engineering?

「元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）」使用教科书标准公式（公式写在说明和常见问题中），适合学习和估算核对；涉及安全的工程设计请以规范和实测为准。The Periodic Table of Elements uses standard textbook formulas (given in the description and FAQ), which is good for learning and checking estimates; for safety-critical engineering follow codes and measured values.

「元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）」免费吗？需要注册吗？Is the Periodic Table of Elements free? Do I need an account?

「元素周期表（118 种元素：原子量、电子排布、电负性）」完全免费，无需注册或安装，打开网页即可使用，手机和电脑都能用；输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Periodic Table of Elements is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.