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🚩 异常值计算器(IQR 法)Outlier Calculator (IQR Method)

用四分位距(IQR)法找出数据中的异常值:计算 Q1、Q3、IQR 和 Tukey 内篱笆(1.5×IQR)与外篱笆(3×IQR),标出温和异常值和极端异常值。Find outliers with the interquartile-range method: get Q1, Q3, the IQR and Tukey's inner (1.5 × IQR) and outer (3 × IQR) fences, and flag mild and extreme outliers.

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使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ

「异常值计算器(IQR 法)」是什么?What is the Outlier Calculator (IQR Method) tool?

用四分位距(IQR)法找出数据中的异常值:计算 Q1、Q3、IQR 和 Tukey 内篱笆(1.5×IQR)与外篱笆(3×IQR),标出温和异常值和极端异常值。Find outliers with the interquartile-range method: get Q1, Q3, the IQR and Tukey's inner (1.5 × IQR) and outer (3 × IQR) fences, and flag mild and extreme outliers.

如何使用「异常值计算器(IQR 法)」?How do I use the Outlier Calculator (IQR Method) tool?

在「异常值计算器(IQR 法)」中,填写「篱笆倍数 k」、「四分位数方法」等参数,结果会随输入实时计算并显示在下方。In the Outlier Calculator (IQR Method): Fill in "Fence multiplier k", "Quartile method"; results are recalculated instantly as you type.

IQR 法怎么判断异常值?How does the IQR method flag outliers?

IQR = Q3 − Q1。小于 Q1 − 1.5×IQR 或大于 Q3 + 1.5×IQR 的数据为异常值;超出 3×IQR 外篱笆的为极端异常值(Tukey 1977)。修改 k 只改变内篱笆,外篱笆固定为 3×IQR(k 大于 3 时取 k×IQR)。IQR = Q3 − Q1. Values below Q1 − 1.5 × IQR or above Q3 + 1.5 × IQR are outliers; beyond the 3 × IQR outer fences they are extreme (Tukey, 1977). Changing k moves only the inner fences; the outer fences stay at 3 × IQR (k × IQR when k is above 3).

为什么不同软件算的四分位数不一样?Why do quartiles differ between programs?

四分位数有多种定义。默认用线性插值(与 Excel QUARTILE.INC、numpy 默认一致);也可选 Tukey 铰链(课本常用的“中位数分半”法;数据个数为奇数时,中位数本身不计入任一半)。There are several quartile definitions. The default is linear interpolation (Excel QUARTILE.INC and numpy's default); you can switch to Tukey's hinges, the textbook median-of-halves method (with an odd count, the median itself is left out of both halves).

计算精度如何?How precise are the results?

「异常值计算器(IQR 法)」使用 JavaScript 双精度浮点数(约 15–16 位有效数字);极大或极小的数值可能存在精度误差。The Outlier Calculator (IQR Method) uses double-precision floating point (about 15–16 significant digits); very large or very small values may lose precision.

「异常值计算器(IQR 法)」免费吗?需要注册吗?Is the Outlier Calculator (IQR Method) free? Do I need an account?

「异常值计算器(IQR 法)」完全免费,无需注册或安装,打开网页即可使用,手机和电脑都能用;输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Outlier Calculator (IQR Method) is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.

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