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🔗 键级计算器Bond Order Calculator
按分子轨道理论计算键级 =（成键电子数 − 反键电子数）÷ 2：可输入第一、二周期元素组成的双原子分子或离子（如 O2、N2+、NO、CO），自动给出分子轨道排布和未成对电子数；也可直接输入电子数。Calculate bond order = (bonding − antibonding electrons) ÷ 2 with molecular orbital theory. Enter a diatomic molecule or ion of period 1–2 elements (such as O2, N2+, NO or CO) for its MO configuration and unpaired electrons, or enter the electron counts directly.
使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ
「键级计算器」是什么？What is the Bond Order Calculator tool?
按分子轨道理论计算键级 =（成键电子数 − 反键电子数）÷ 2：可输入第一、二周期元素组成的双原子分子或离子（如 O2、N2+、NO、CO），自动给出分子轨道排布和未成对电子数；也可直接输入电子数。Calculate bond order = (bonding − antibonding electrons) ÷ 2 with molecular orbital theory. Enter a diatomic molecule or ion of period 1–2 elements (such as O2, N2+, NO or CO) for its MO configuration and unpaired electrons, or enter the electron counts directly.
如何使用「键级计算器」？How do I use the Bond Order Calculator tool?
在「键级计算器」中，填写「输入方式」、「分子或离子（如 O2、O2-、NO+）」、「成键电子数」、「反键电子数」等参数，结果会随输入实时计算并显示在下方。In the Bond Order Calculator: Fill in "Input", "Molecule or ion (e.g. O2, O2-, NO+)", "Bonding electrons", "Antibonding electrons"; results are recalculated instantly as you type.
键级怎么算？How is bond order calculated?
键级 =（成键轨道电子数 − 反键轨道电子数）÷ 2。键级越大，键越强、越短；键级为 0 表示分子不稳定（如 He₂）。Bond order = (electrons in bonding orbitals − electrons in antibonding orbitals) ÷ 2. Higher bond orders mean stronger, shorter bonds; 0 means the molecule is not stable (He₂, for example).
为什么 O₂ 是顺磁性的？Why is O₂ paramagnetic?
O₂ 的两个 π*2p 轨道各有一个未成对电子，这是分子轨道理论能解释而路易斯结构解释不了的经典例子。O₂ has one unpaired electron in each of its two π*2p orbitals, a classic case that MO theory explains and Lewis structures do not.
电子数是怎么算的？How is the electron count found?
总电子数 = 两个原子的原子序数之和 − 离子电荷（O₂⁻ 为 8 + 8 + 1 = 17）。工具包含 1s 内层电子，内层成键与反键相互抵消，不影响键级。Total electrons = the two atomic numbers minus the charge (O₂⁻: 8 + 8 + 1 = 17). Core 1s electrons are included; their bonding and antibonding contributions cancel and do not change the bond order.
计算结果可以用于作业或工程吗？Can I use the results for homework or engineering?
「键级计算器」使用教科书标准公式（公式写在说明和常见问题中），适合学习和估算核对；涉及安全的工程设计请以规范和实测为准。The Bond Order Calculator uses standard textbook formulas (given in the description and FAQ), which is good for learning and checking estimates; for safety-critical engineering follow codes and measured values.
「键级计算器」免费吗？需要注册吗？Is the Bond Order Calculator free? Do I need an account?
「键级计算器」完全免费，无需注册或安装，打开网页即可使用，手机和电脑都能用；输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Bond Order Calculator is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.