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🔬 原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons)
输入元素（符号、名称或原子序数）和中子数，给出质子数、电子数（可含离子电荷）、质量数 A = Z + N、近似原子质量和该元素的标准原子量。Enter an element (symbol, name or atomic number) and a neutron count to get the protons, electrons (with an optional ion charge), mass number A = Z + N, approximate atomic mass and the element's standard atomic weight.
使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ
「原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）」是什么？What is the Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons) tool?
输入元素（符号、名称或原子序数）和中子数，给出质子数、电子数（可含离子电荷）、质量数 A = Z + N、近似原子质量和该元素的标准原子量。Enter an element (symbol, name or atomic number) and a neutron count to get the protons, electrons (with an optional ion charge), mass number A = Z + N, approximate atomic mass and the element's standard atomic weight.
如何使用「原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）」？How do I use the Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons) tool?
在「原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）」中，填写「元素（符号、名称或原子序数）」、「中子数」、「离子电荷（可选）」等参数，结果会随输入实时计算并显示在下方。In the Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons): Fill in "Element (symbol, name or atomic number)", "Neutrons", "Ion charge (optional)"; results are recalculated instantly as you type.
质量数和原子质量有什么区别？Mass number or atomic mass?
质量数 A 是质子数加中子数，是整数；原子质量是实测质量（u），不是整数，因为结合能造成质量亏损，质子和中子的质量也不等于 1 u。The mass number A is protons plus neutrons, a whole number. The atomic mass is the measured mass in u and is not whole, because of the binding-energy mass defect and because protons and neutrons are not exactly 1 u.
粒子质量用的什么数值？Which particle masses are used?
质子 1.007276 u、中子 1.008665 u、电子 0.000549 u（CODATA 2018 推荐值，取 6–7 位有效数字）。Proton 1.007276 u, neutron 1.008665 u and electron 0.000549 u (CODATA 2018 recommended values, rounded to 6–7 significant digits).
标准原子量是什么？What is the standard atomic weight?
元素在自然界中各同位素按丰度加权的平均原子质量，取自 IUPAC 公布的值（化学计算中常用）。锝、钷、钋、砹、氡、钫、镭、锕、镎、钚等没有标准原子量，工具改为显示最长寿命同位素的质量数（方括号表示，如 [244]），并明确标注；镅及之后的元素显示「无」。The abundance-weighted average mass of an element's natural isotopes, from the values IUPAC publishes; it is the number used in chemistry. Tc, Pm, Po, At, Rn, Fr, Ra, Ac, Np and Pu have no standard atomic weight, so the tool shows the mass number of the longest-lived isotope in brackets (such as [244]) and labels it as such; americium and later elements show none.
计算结果可以用于作业或工程吗？Can I use the results for homework or engineering?
「原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）」使用教科书标准公式（公式写在说明和常见问题中），适合学习和估算核对；涉及安全的工程设计请以规范和实测为准。The Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons) uses standard textbook formulas (given in the description and FAQ), which is good for learning and checking estimates; for safety-critical engineering follow codes and measured values.
「原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）」免费吗？需要注册吗？Is the Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons) free? Do I need an account?
「原子质量计算器（质子、中子、电子）」完全免费，无需注册或安装，打开网页即可使用，手机和电脑都能用；输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Atomic Mass Calculator (Protons, Neutrons, Electrons) is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.